A DOG Is For Life Not Just For Christmas

My family run an animal sanctuary in Birmingham, England. Even though we love what we do, we feel that some people need to realise that a pet should be a long term commitment. They should not be seen as just a bit of fun which they can then get rid of when they get bored.

A stray dog finds shelter from the monsoon, in a cybercafe at Khar, Mumbai
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Many people arrive at the animal sanctuary with their pets, which are mainly dogs, with many excuses as to why they are no longer able to look after or care for them. I am sure many of their reasons are valid but am also aware that many others are just an excuse to offload them.

The excuses they give are varied:

• I have recently divorced from my husband and can no longer afford to keep this dog as a pet
• The dog has started to bite my children
• The dog is too difficult to handle and is destroying my furniture
• We have recently moved into a flat. One of their rules is that no animals can live in these flats
• The dog barks to much and it is upsetting the neighbours
• Our other animals do not like the dog
• The dog is affecting my health
• I am too ill to look after my dog

It is not our role to question these reasons but what we then need to do is to find another suitable home for the dogs. This is easier said than done as we need to ensure that the new owners will be able to care for them, for hopefully the duration of their life.

We also keep many of the dogs as our own pets, especially the ones which nobody else seems to want. One such dog is called Cassie. She is full of life and has been ill treated it seems when she was a puppy. Half of her left ear is missing and she is seemingly quite afraid of men.

Cassie is need of a huge amount of care and attention. She can be too lively at times which is possibly why three people who attempted to re-home her, have bought her back. She is not aggressive in any way but does tend to jump up at people.

What we did with Cassie and what we will continue to do, is to give her lots of love but also a little bit of training of what is good and what is not acceptable. It takes a long time, but she is now able to understand that the jumping is not wanted and that she needs to chill out at times.

Cassie is turning into a wonderful dog to have around the house and now feels for the first time as part of a family.

With a little more patience most other dogs can turn out this way. This is why we want more people to take more responsibility and to give their animals more of a chance to settle into their homes, and to get used to a new set of rules.

Having animals as pets can be very rewarding, nearly as rewarding as having a child. A dog however will rarely answer you back.

If you are having problems with your animals you can always phone up animal sanctuaries for advice and to hear about possible solutions. The people who work there are animal lovers and will help you as much as they can.

If you are unable to continue looking after the pet, the sanctuary should be able to take them off you.

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Clicks Instead Of 'Good Boy' For DOG TRAINING

The first major improvement in dog training since choke chains and spiked collars, click and treat has quickly establishing itself in becoming a big hit in the world of dog training. Currently, there are over 10,000 trainers who are using this training method everyday. 

One advantage to using this form of training at home is it’s easy to learn for both the dog and his trainer!

Originally used to train marine mammals, click and treat breaks down the process into two separate steps, information and motivation. The click is the information, the treat is the motivation. While other trainers still work on these two steps, they try to teach them all at once, which can confuse the animal and slow down results.

Dog getting clicker training. Tika, the 3-year-old Australian Shepherd rescue agility dog,
loves it when the clicker comes out.
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Most trainers will verbally praise a dog for good behavior, while at the same time motivating the dog to repeat his actions. This can be a good method, however it takes longer for the dog to understand which behaviors and actions caused the praise from the trainer.

With the click and treat method, the processes are easily taught. In normal training, a person would say “good boy” when a welcomed action occurs and proceed with giving a treat. The clicker becomes a substitute for verbal praise and can actually catch the “good boy” behavior quicker than saying it, letting the dog know exactly which behavior he is being rewarded for.

Another way to look at click and treat training is viewing it as a secondary reinforcement, while food, water, physical affection and play (things the dog wants) become primary reinforcement. When you take a dog for a walk, the leash works as a secondary reinforcement. It is obvious to the dog that the leash is not taking him for a walk; the owner is, however, it triggers a reaction in the dog, telling him that the leash will let him know where he will go and where he will not. And if he reacts to the leash with good behavior, his reward will be a nice leisurely walk.

Click and treat works the same way. When a dog hears the clicker, he will know that he performed a good behavior and as long as he keeps hearing a click, there is a treat coming his way. So, the clicker works as a secondary reinforcement, teaching him boundaries and appropriate behavior.

A couple advantages of the click and treat method include;

1) Faster response than verbal praise. The clicker can identify the exact behavior at the time it happens.

2) It takes the place of treats. While motivating the dog to hear clicks, it will also teach him to work without the expectations of having treats given to him each time he does something good.

3) If the trainer is working at a distance from the dog, the clicker will still work, without having to be right next him.

Are you ready to try clicker training? 

The first thing you’ll need to do is go to your favorite pet supply store and invest in a clicker. The clicker is nothing fancy and should just cost you under five dollars. While you’re there grab some pocket treats, little bits of dried liver work well.

A good method to use when getting started with click and treat is to stand in front of the animal. Click the clicker and give a treat. Continue doing this for 20-30 minutes, or until the dog becomes startled by the sound of the click. This will familiarize him to the clicking sound, while teaching him that every time he hears it, he has done something good. After he gets the hang of it, begin by adding commands, such as “sit” and “stay.”

Click and treat has proven to be a simple, yet consistent training method with quick results. So for the trainers out there who are looking for a new and innovative way to motivate and praise their animals, get out there, buy a clicker and... click!

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Fact Sheet: CHESAPEAKE BAY RETRIEVER

(Original Title: Chesapeake Bay Retriever Dog Breed Profile)

A Chesapeake Bay Retriever. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Description:

• The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a medium to large sized dog with good musculature. 
• The dog will be 23 to 26 inches at the shoulders and the bitch 21 to 24 inches. 
• The maximum weight for the dog is about 80 pounds and for the female, 70 pounds. 
• The coat of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever consists of a wavy, oily outer coat and a wooly and dense undercoat. 
• The color of the coat is usually brown or reddish. The eyes of the Chesapeake Retriever are amber or yellow. 
• This dog will live for 10 to 12 years on average.
• Other names for the Chesapeake Bay Retriever are Chessy Dog and Chessie.

History:
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a dog developed here in America. In 1807 a British ship, the Canton, was shipwrecked off the Maryland coast. Fortunately, everyone aboard was saved, including two Newfoundland Dogs. The captain of the ship sold the dogs to local people around Chesapeake Bay and they were eventually bred to various dogs in the area. Combining the blood of the Otterhound, the Flat-Coated Retriever, and the Curly-Coated Retriever, the Chesapeake Retriever came into being.

Temperament: 
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a loyal and protective dog with its human family, but will often be reserved with strangers. This dog tends to be assertive and confident and will need a firm, but kind master to bring out the best in it. The Chesapeake Retriever should be socialized with family pets from an early age. Due to its somewhat dominant nature, this dog probably will do better with older children. This breed loves to go in the water.

Health Issues:
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever can suffer from hip dysplasia and several eye disorders, including cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy. Von Willebrand's Disease is also present in this breed, so it is important to make sure your dog comes from stock free of this type of hemophilia. As with most large breed, bloat or stomach torsion can occur, in which case, immediate veterinary help is called for. Feeding the dog 2 or 3 small meals a day can help prevent bloat.

Grooming:
The coat of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever should be brushed with a bristle brush once a week. This dog has a very oily coat, which helps with water resistance, so it is advisable not to over-brush the coat and remove the oil. As this dog has a rather distinctive odor, they should be shampooed every once in a while.

Living Conditions:
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a dog that loves to be outdoors and especially near water. It enjoys cool weather. This dog is probably not a good choice for apartment living, it needs too much exercise and its dominant nature might make it too much dog in a small space. It needs a lot of daily exercise and will become frustrated and destructive if deprived of this. This is an outdoor dog that would do best with a family who participated in outdoor sports, especially those pertaining to water. A hunter would be an excellent choice for the owner of this dog.

By Scott Allan Lipe For more information on the Chesapeake Bay Retriever Dog Breed, Dog Training and Teacup Puppies for sale including Yorkies, Chihuahuas and Morkies please visit our websites below. Teacup Puppies For Sale - Puppies or Dogs [http://www.puppies-or-dogs.com] Article Source: EzineArticles

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NEBELUNG CAT

Nebelung is a longhaired cat breed that shares resemblance with the Russian Blue cat, apart from its long fur and plume tail. In fact the purpose of breeders initially was to create a cat that looked like the Russian Blue, but had longer fur. 

Nebelung Male (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Serious breeding began only in the mid nineteen eighties and so the breed is relatively new. As a result, the Nebelung is still quite rare and not available everywhere. The word 'Nebelung' is German is origin and means a 'Creature of the Mist', with reference to the dreamy appearance of this beautiful cat.

A medium sized cat, Nebelung is a long and muscular animal. Its luxurious coat is double layered and bluish in color, tipped with silver. Head is triangular with bright greenish, slightly oval eyes, somewhat large, tufted widely spaced ears and a blunt muzzle. Neck is long and graceful, and so are the sturdy legs and bushy tail. A ruff of hair is often see around the neck, more prominent in males.

Nebelungs are somewhat shy cats that slink away when it comes to strangers. They are naturally cautious and take time to adjust to a change in their surroundings. They are less comfortable in the presence of too many guests, noise or other rambunctious pets.

Healthy animals, Nebulungs don't suffer from any recurring ailments. Their silky coat maintains its lustre with twice weekly grooming. They are intelligent and affectionate creatures and are quick to establish long lasting bonds with family members. At ease in their settled environment, the lovely felines readily accept other cats into the household provided they share their calm nature. The cute Nebulungs are quiet and peaceful and are quite content to sit in their owner's lap and be petted. They are a source of joy and are much adored everywhere.

By Omer Ashraf The author is a blogger about cats and an expert on Nebelung cats. Article Source: EzineArticles

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Aiming for Long Term CAT CARE

If you are planning to be a pet owner, you must be ready for the long term cat care. That is if you are settled on having cat as pet. You must be off to a good start. Everything must be planned in order to avoid future mistakes.

Female grey tabby and white cat resting on a box of cat litter. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Cats will be a nice companion. But you have to understand their needs. First, your cat has to eat. But you can't feed your feline friend your leftovers. It is better to look for the best cat food that can give your pal energy boost as well as good health.

You need to allot money for that. You can sacrifice some luxuries to be able to provide for your pet's needs. But that will all be worth it in the end. You will be happy to see your cat happy. 

You also have to make sure that the surrounding your cat is living in is free from anything that can cause them accidents. Do not let anything that is lethal and poisonous hanging about. And when it comes to neatness, you have the right pet. Cats are known to take ample time in grooming themselves.

Although too much grooming can also be bad because they can hurt themselves in the process. And it is also a sign of fleas and therefore must be taken to the vet for a quick fix. 

And because you have a vain housemate, you must also be tidy with everything. You need to keep their litter boxes clean and well maintained. Did you know that the cat's sense of smell is 14 times stronger than yours? You may not smell a thing but your cat will.

They will not do their thing on the provided litter box if it stinks. You may get the surprise of your life to see your cat's poops well hidden under your clean carpet or how about that basket of clean clothes.

Don't give your cat a reason to stray when it comes to those things. Give them what they want. And it's a clean and odor free litter box.

You also have to find a good doctor for your cats. The moment that you got a pet, start making friends with your local veterinarians. Be mindful of the simplest symptoms that your cat may show. Just by observing your pet, you will know if something is wrong. Call the vet immediately and ask their opinion.

Long Term

If you are settled at the thought that you want the cat to be with you for long, then you may really be the rightful owner of one. You cannot be act like you want it now and completely scrap the idea the next minute. It won't be good for your feline friend and it won't be good for you as well.

So before you welcome a cat into the household, think things through over and over again. Do not act on your impulse because once you are there, you must not back out. And you must be able to carry out the responsibilities of being a pet owner.

Aiming for a long term cat care is good. By doing so, you only need to match that goal with the right steps to enrich the lives of your pets as well as yours. 

Knowing CANINE DISEASES

Proper education about the dog’s illness can help to find the best remedy suited for his suffering. Let’s take time knowing what these diseases of our buddy can have:

Rabies – this is a dreadful and most feared among other diseases of dogs. This is transmitted through animal (usually wild ones) bites infected with the rabies virus. Attacking the nervous system of the victim is what the virus commonly does. The most effective mode of prevention is still the vaccination for 3-years. Having the dog vaccinated is required by the state and even local laws.

Photo by olo81

Kennel Cough – this is caught by the dogs being kenneled for a longer period of time due to the wide range of viruses they contract. A vaccination every six months is recommended to prevent this respiratory disease. Symptoms are cough, with the inflammation of the respiratory organs.

Heartworm – These are the types of parasitic culprits that rapidly grow and multiply in heart and in the lung arteries of a dog. This makes the dog tired, sluggish, and an eminent death will follow if not treated immediately.

Lyme disease or Borreliosis – this is mainly caused by a bacteria transmitted through the bite of an infected tick. Common signs of dogs infected with the disease are lameness, muscle stiffness, lethargy and lack of appetite. Antibiotics such as the tetracycline will help cure the infection.

Canine Distemper – Death is almost unavoidable in puppies infected with the distemper virus, while 50% among older dogs lose their life. Immune boosters are advised for dogs to get protected from the illness brought about by the virus. This is highly contagious mostly contracted at an early age and the vaccination should be administered to puppies about 6-12 weeks of age.

Leptospirosis – This is also an infective illness caused by a type of bacteria resulting too lethargy, kidney inflammation, vomiting, and the inflammation of the mucous membranes. Unexpected blood clotting may also be also evident

Parvovirus – virus of this infection can stand disinfectants and temperature changes. It can also persist in a surface for several months. Infected dogs are being killed, especially the young, and older dogs survive it well. Symptoms include diarrhea and vomiting. Vaccination is also recommended for a lifetime for protection.

Obesity – proper diet is a great help to maintain the ideal body weight of a dog. It must be given foods enough for its daily needs. However, providing your dog foods preferably for humans is not a good idea. Sometimes it contains fatty substance which the digestive system of a dog cannot tolerate. In turn, that fatty content remains in its body causing him to increase much weight. Treatment for this is engaging your dog to exercise and other physical activities.

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Ways For Choosing The VETERINARIAN

Pets are very in trend these days. Even before, many individuals already have their own pets. This can be done for various purposes and you can choose the type of animal according to your preferences. But you must think about this decision since it entails various responsibilities and other things. It would just be like taking care of a baby but their development is not as advanced so there is a need to always look after them and take care of them as well.

A veterinarian stitching a dog, after surgery. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Their health is a priority especially since they could get sick as well. You should properly think about how you could easily take care of it as they could also get sick like other people and it could also be worse or a normal type. But despite the differences, you will still see changes in their behavior. Aside from personally taking care of them, you should also inquire about professional help by going to a veterinarian (Melfort SK).

Veterinarians are doctors that specialize on the health and conditions of animals instead of humans. They will be needing checkups from time to time and these people are the ones legally allowed to do it. Because of the fame of having pets these days, you can also see that various clinics and professionals are surfacing which means you will have various choices as well.

Because of this, it is necessary that you have standards in order for you to easily choose. Several factors can be utilized as indications in order for you to know the necessary features which could be advantageous or helpful. You will also knot the things that might not be very helpful through properly observing these things. It makes things easier and easily narrowed down.

One thing that could be considered a major factor when choosing is the comfort and feeling of your pet. Once your choices are narrowed down already, try to take them to visits and decide if they feel comfortable. They are after all, the ones being services. To make processes easier for both the doctor and the animal, this has to be done.

Well experienced staff is a must. When you take care of animals that have various temperaments, sometimes the same method would not be effective for the other especially during the services. Their ability to handle and make sure the job is done could only be developed through training as well as experiences.

One other thing that you should think about is their establishment and how it looks. Appearance is not a really necessary thing. However, it is necessary that the place be properly clean. Sicknesses and different conditions might be acquired when you are in a dirty place. Aside from that, this would also make your dogs more uncomfortable which you do not want to happen.

Some processes and services require the assistance of devices. And if this is the case, you must observe the machines present in that place. Some have more devices being utilized. This could potentially be dangerous for your pet particularly when their devices are not that functional. It has to be in good condition before you allow your pet to be serviced by the establishment.

Reviews can be your best guide. These are comments and opinions of the previous and current clients. Through their reviews, it would be easy for you to gain insight regarding how things are working. It would also be a good way for you to know more about the different sides of each clinic.

About the Author: Mattie Knight You can visit northeastvet.com for more helpful information about The Proper Veterinarian For Your Pets.

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HAVANESE Puppy - Puppies of the World

Havanese Puppy - Puppies of the World

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HAVANESE DOGS and Their Owners

In the 1900's the Havanese dog went through a rough time as a breed. Since then, this dog has grown in popularity as a companion and a family pet, particularly in the United States. When this breed was harder to find, the cost of the Havanese dog had gone up considerably. Today, despite the increased availability of the breed, you can still find Havanese pups for as much as $1000. One of the biggest reasons that this breed is so sought after is the personality of the Havanese.

Havanese Dog
 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

If you are looking for a pet that will always be ready to play, will show unending loyalty to his family and keep you entertained regularly, then the Havanese is the dog for you. They also tend to work well in homes with children and other pets, although their small size can put them at a bit of a disadvantage. Don't let that small size fool you however, Havanese dogs are fairly fearless, and make surprisingly good watchdogs. Their energy and playfulness will remain with them well into adulthood as well, so you don't have to worry about your Havanese pup slowing down any time soon.

Intelligent, submissive and eager to please his master. These characteristics are typical in the Havanese breed, which makes it easy t train most of the time. However, housebreaking a Havanese can be a more challenging process than with other types of breeds. Most breeders and Havanese owners will advise someone purchasing a Havanese puppy to allow plenty of time and patience to complete the housebreaking routine. One reason is because Havanese pups do not always leash train well, meaning they may not complete their "business" when enjoying a walk with you.

If you are having a hard time getting your Havanese pup housebroken, one method that has worked with some Havanese owners is the use of a litter box that is designed for use with toy dog breeds. Do not ever use regular cat litter in your dog's box, since he could eat it and get sick. Instead, you can use a hard, cylindrical paper pellet that will actually attract your dog to his box. It is also important to make sure that you spend plenty of time with your puppy, since a lonely dog can easily turn into a chewing dog.

If you are looking for a new pet for your family, and you are hoping for a dog that will be easy to train and fun to own, a Havanese puppy might be the right choice for you. This dog is submissive by nature, eager to please, and intelligent to boot. He is generally a pup that will always be ready to play with your family, and never lacking in energy. Often Havanese are natural performers and your pup may entertain you frequently with his antics. He will be loyal and loveable, and despite his small size, he may make a fairly effective watchdog.

Most Havanese tend to be fearless, and even fierce when the situation calls for it. If you are thinking that a Havanese puppy might be the right dog for you, there are plenty of Havanese breeders available who can offer you one of these pups in good health and with good breeding. To find a breeder, you can search online or ask friends or your veterinarian for recommendations. It is also a wise idea to continue to research the breed, so that you can learn everything possible about the Havanese dog.

By Fiona Kelly Fiona Kelly is a dog owner, breeder, and avid studier - particularly of small dog breeds. Havanese are a wonderful small dog breed characterized by its lack of shedding, good temperament, and good general health. If you are seeking information about what to expect with the Havanese [http://www.havanese-puppy-guide.com/Havanese.html] this article will provide it for you. Article Source: EzineArticles

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Vintage Collection - Dogs (5)

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The COLLIE DOG.

The Collie dog makes an excellent sporting dog, and can be taught to do the work of the Pointer and the Setter, as well as that of the Water Spaniel and the Retriever. He can be trained to perform the duties of other breeds.  He is clever at hunting, having an excellent nose, is a good vermin-killer, and a most faithful watch, guard, and companion. 

Smooth collie during dogs show in Katowice (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Little is known with certainty of the origin of the Collie, but his cunning and his outward appearance would seem to indicate a relationship with the wild dog. Buffon was of opinion that he was the true dog of nature, the stock and model of the whole canine species. He considered the Sheepdog superior in instinct and intelligence to all other breeds, and that, with a character in which education has comparatively little share, he is the only animal born perfectly trained for the service of man.

At the shows this type of dog is invariably at the top of the class. He is considered the most tractable, and is certainly the most agile. Second to this type in favour is the smooth-coated variety, a very hard, useful dog, well adapted for hill work and usually very fleet of foot. He is not so sweet in temper as the black and white, and is slow to make friends. There is not a more  graceful and physically beautiful dog to be seen than the show Collie of the present period. Produced from the old working type, he is now practically a distinct breed.

The skull should be flat, moderately wide between the ears, and gradually tapering towards the eyes. There should only be a slight depression at stop. The width of skull necessarily depends upon combined length of skull and muzzle; and the whole must be considered in connection with the size of the dog. The cheek should not be full or prominent.

The muzzle should be of fair length, tapering to the nose, and must not show weakness or be snipy or lippy. Whatever the colour of the dog may be, the nose must be black. The teeth should be of good size, sound and level; very slight unevenness is permissible. The jaws Clean cut and powerful. The eyes are a very important feature, and give expression to the dog; they should be of medium size, set somewhat obliquely, of almond shape, and of a brown colour except in the case of merles, when the eyes are frequently (one or both) blue and white or china; expression full of intelligence, with a quick alert look when listening. The ears should be small and moderately wide at the base, and placed not too close together but on the top of the skull and not on the side of the head. When in repose they should be usually carried thrown back, but when on the alert brought forward and carried semi-erect, with tips slightly drooping in attitude of listening.

The neck should be muscular, powerful and of fair length, and somewhat arched.  The body should be strong, with well sprung ribs, chest deep, fairly broad behind the shoulders, which should be sloped, loins very powerful. The dog should be straight in front. The fore-legs should be straight and muscular, neither in nor out at elbows, with a fair amount of bone; the forearm somewhat fleshy, the pasterns showing flexibility without weakness. The hind-legs should be muscular at the thighs, clean and sinewy below the hocks, with well bent stifles. The feet should be oval in shape, soles well padded, and the toes arched and close together.

In general character he is a lithe active dog, his deep chest showing lung power, his neck strength, his sloping shoulders and well bent hocks indicating speed, and his expression high intelligence. He should be a fair length on the leg, giving him more of a racy than a cloddy appearance. In a few words, a Collie should show endurance, activity, and intelligence, with free and true action. In height dogs should be 22 ins. to 24 ins. at the shoulders, bitches 20 ins. to 22 ins. The weight for dogs is 45 to 65 lbs., bitches 40 to 55 lbs. The smooth collie only differs from the rough in its coat, which should be hard, dense and quite smooth.

Some Vital Caution on PET ADOPTION

Are you the type of person who loves giving surprises? Are you the kind who will try hard to think how are you going to make your loved ones feel that they are special? If you are pulling the trick all the time, you may feel that you are already running out of ideas. There is one surprise that you must not opt for. And this is none other than pet adoption.

Advantages of Pet Ownership

Dog at animal shelter (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

There are a lot of advantages of owning pets. It doesn't matter whether you are still young or you are on your senior years. Pets bring lots of joys in people's lives. But the kind of pet that one must own should be according to their lifestyle. So how can pets change people's lives? Here are only some of the reasons.

1. Companionship is the first and most popular reason whether for old and young people. They get pets of their choice to be there as a friend or even as a family. You treat your pets like babies. You feed them, bathe them and even teach them tricks if you can. For over stressed individuals and those who do not have their families to greet them upon coming home, pets become their alternative for such purpose.

2. There are scientific studies which proved that pets can cause good effects on one's heath, especially with the elders. Owning one and interacting with them can reduce your cholesterol levels. It can also regulate your blood pressure. Of course, it can eliminate or reduce the stress levels that you are feeling. Others say that this can also prevent some cardiovascular diseases from recurring.

Overall, owning pets can lead to a healthier you. Plus, you will also be happier and more energized. You will get the sense of responsibility for your pets' health and lives. You will have fun, excitement and more alert.

Red Alert

But not because you've read about the advantages of owning a pet means that you will head out the nearest adoption center and surprise someone with one. Mind you, this will also come with a lot of responsibility which the recipient may not be ready to owe up to. So make sure that you talk first to the person you have in mind to give a pet to before you make any moves.

1. Do not give those who are not asking for it. There are reasons why people choose to have pets. But there are also reasons why they opt not to. This is the basis why the American Humane Society advices people to discuss the matter with the would-be owner before you pass on to them the responsibility of owning a pet. They do not encourage the gesture of giving pets as gifts.

2. Discussing will also prove to be easier on both parties. If they really want to own pets, at least you can ask them for their preferences. This way, you are assured that when you give them the pets, they will be happy about the gesture and that they will be prepared to care for the animal.

The vital factor in pet adoption is that you have to find the perfect match between owners and the pets. You have to make sure that both will like and love the fate that they are both about to venture into.

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The Many Faces of the PERSIAN CAT

With its luscious longhaired coat and cute squashed face, the Persian is perhaps one of the most recognizable breeds of domestic cat around the world. It is certainly one of the most popular with cat lovers and remains high on the list in both the US and UK. But the Persian is actually more than just the one single breed of cat, with a number of breeds having been developed from it as well as differing types of the main Persian breed itself. So here is a glimpse into the many faces of the Persian cat.

Traditional and Modern Persians

Also known as doll-faced, classic or old-fashioned Persians, the traditional is one of the two main types of Persians cat found around the world. These cats are known for their less extreme features that have been selectively bred into the modern Persian cat and have less of a squashed nose look. They are also believed to more closely resemble the cats that first came to Europe from ancient Persia, now Iran in the 1500s.

Profile view of a less extreme type (doll face) Persian cat. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

The modern Persian, also known as the peke-faced, is perhaps the form of Persian most instantly recognized, with its short, squashed muzzle and round face. The look of the modern Persian has been the result of years of selective breeding to bring out these and other traits in the cats but has also brought out a number of health problems. They were first seen in the 1950s when a spontaneous mutation among a group of red and red tabby Persians led to a flatter profile and was named peke-faced due to the similarity to the Pekingese dog breed.

The breed standard for Persians with almost all major registries is sufficiently vague that either traditional or modern Persians can qualify. It calls for a cobby body with short legs, a broad chest and a general round appearance to the body. Generally, modern Persians score better in cat shows but there is a general public preference to the less extreme traditional style cats.

Himalayan

The Himalayan is a cross breed that was created by crossing a Siamese with a Persian. The resulting cats have the longhaired coat of the Persian along with the short muzzle and other physical features, while retaining the colorpoint coat coloration of the Siamese. They are known as the Colorpoint Longhair in the UK and were named Himalayan, as the color of the early cats was much like the color of the Himalayan rabbit.

Exotic Shorthair

The Exotic Shorthair is a Persian with a short coat - it was created by crossing with American Shorthair cats to create a cat that looks like a Persian but has the coat length of the Shorthair. Some registries don't accept them as a breed in their own right because most carry a recessive longhair gene, meaning that random kittens can be full, longhaired Persians.

Chinchilla

The Chinchilla is a special type of Persian, also known as the Silver Persian, which is being created as a separate breed by dedicated breeders in the US. The Chinchilla now comes in more than just silver as there are shaded silver, goldens and shaded goldens in these cats. Another group of breeders in South Africa have also established a line of Chinchilla cats that favor the traditional Persian in their features.

Health issues

Persian cats may appear to be silky and gorgeous but like any supermodel, there is work required to achieve that look. This means that their owners need to assist with the grooming process, usually on a daily basis. In addition to a daily brushing, Persians are often taught from a young age to be bathed to help deal with coat condition and also with the problems often found in their faces.

This is particularly the case with the modern or peke-faced cats who have a condition called brachycephalia, which results in a shortened skull and face. This means they can suffer from breathing difficulties, develop skin, and eye problems. Shortness of breath is common and they often have malformed tear ducts that mean their eyes leak, also needing human attention to prevent a build-up and soreness.

By Angela Tempest For more information about Persians, other types of cat and health and wellbeing issues, please see my articles at http://www.thebestcatlitterbox.com/ Article Source: EzineArticles

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Your Pets and ARTHRITIS

Arthritis is the term used in both human and veterinary medicine to describe any type of joint inflammation.  Several types exist, including rheumatoid, degenerative, and infectious arthritis, each having a different cause.  Infections, autoimmune diseases, trauma, and certain drugs, such as sulfa antibiotics, can promote joint inflammation.

Photo by eddale 

The clinical signs associated with joint disease are basically the same.  Stiffness or lameness involving one or more limbs is often the most obvious sign of a joint problem, usually aggravated by cold weather and/or exercise.  New medications and surgical techniques have been introduced in the treatment of canine joint disease.

Osteoarthritis, or degenerative joint disease, describes the condition in which a cartilage defects or erosion occurs.  It can be inherited but is usually a part of the normal aging process in older dogs.  Infectious arthritis is caused by bacteria that gain entrance to the blood stream causing inflammation in one or more joints.  Bacteria from the gums, periodontal disease, or Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Lyme disease can cause damage to the cartilage and joint structure.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune-related disease seen frequently in toy breeds.  Caused by an overactive immune system, antibodies coalesce within the joints causing inflammation.  Fever and depression are also features of these diseases.  Hip dysphasia refers to a hereditary arthritic condition which begins as a partial dislocation of the hip joints. In time the cartilages lining the joint surfaces wear down because of abnormal strain on the joints.

The key to lessoning the effects of any form of arthritis is early detection and treatment.  Your veterinarian can prescribe antibiotics, immunosuppressive drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as vitamins and supplements, and even cortisone if needed.  The real key is you and your observations to your veterinarian.

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NEWFOUNDLAND - The Aristocrat Among Dogs

The dogs which take their name from the island of Newfoundland appeal to all lovers of animals.There are now two established varieties, the black and the white and black. There are also bronze-coloured dogs, but they are rare. The black variety of the Newfoundland is essentially black in colour; but this does not mean that there may be no other colour, for most black Newfoundlands have some white marks. In fact, a white marking on the chest is said to be typical of the true breed. 

Newfoundland dogs are well-known for their
even temperament and stoic nature.
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Any white on the head or body would place the dog in the other than black variety. The black colour should preferably be of a dull jet appearance which approximates to brown. In the other than black class, there may be black and tan, bronze, and white and black. The latter predominates, and in this colour, beauty of marking is very important. The head should be black with a white muzzle and blaze, and the body and legs should be white with large patches of black on the saddle and quarters, with possibly other small black spots on the body and legs. 

Apart from colour, the varieties should conform to the same standard. The head should be broad and massive, but in no sense heavy in appearance. The muzzle should be short, square, and clean cut, eyes rather wide apart, deep set, dark and small, not showing any haw; ears small, with close side carriage, covered with fine short hair (there should be no fringe to the ears), expression full of intelligence, dignity, and kindness. 

The body should be long, square, and massive, loins strong and well filled; chest deep and broad; legs quite straight, somewhat short in proportion to the length of the body, and powerful, with round bone well covered with muscle; feet large, round, and close. The tail should be only long enough to reach just below the hocks, free from kink, and never curled over the back. The quality of the coat is very important; the coat should be very dense, with plenty of undercoat; the outer coat somewhat harsh and quite straight. 

The appearance generally should indicate a dog of great strength, and very active for his build and size, moving freely with the body swung loosely between the legs, which gives a slight roll in gait. As regards size, the Newfoundland Club standard gives 140 lbs. to 120 lbs. weight for a dog, and 110 lbs. to 120 lbs. for a bitch, with an average height at the shoulder of 27 inches and 25 inches respectively; but it is doubtful whether dogs in proper condition do conform to both requirements.  

When rearing puppies give them soft food, such as well-boiled rice and milk, as soon as they will lap, and, shortly afterwards, scraped lean meat. Newfoundland puppies require plenty of meat to induce proper growth. The puppies should increase in weight at the rate of 3 lbs. a week, and this necessitates plenty of flesh, bone and muscle-forming food, plenty of meat, both raw and cooked. Milk is also good, but it requires to be strengthened with casein. The secret of growing full-sized dogs with plenty of bone and substance is to get a good start from birth, good feeding, warm, dry quarters, and freedom for the puppies to move about and exercise themselves as they wish. 

Forced exercise may make them go wrong on their legs. Medicine should not be required except for worms, and the puppies should be physicked for these soon after they are weaned, and again when three or four months old, or before that if they are not thriving. If free from worms, Newfoundland puppies will be found quite hardy, and, under proper conditions of food and quarters, they are easy to rear.

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Understanding INGREDIENTS

Understanding the ingredients of your dog's food items is a must for the dog lovers or dog owners.  Whenever you feed the dog with different kinds of food items, you should always read the label and understand the contents about the dog feed types that are being used in such commercial preparations. You should understand the ingredients while buying food for your dog and also know what to look for.

Feed items include dry and fresh food.  The fresh dog food that is prepared in homes generally consists of ingredients like freshly cut chicken pieces in addition to the cranberry juices, blue-green algae, etc. 

Dog biscuit. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

If you come across any different kinds of preservatives and if the dog develops all of a sudden signs pertaining to the food allergy, suspect the unwanted ingredient in the feed items given. Similarly, understand about the moisture status. If the food item is having more moisture, then the dog may prefer this as well. 

Beet pulp, pasta, Soy bean oil, wheat middlings, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, copper sulphate, iron sulphate, zinc oxide, choline chloride, etc. are often the ingredients in case of vegetarian based diet items offered to the pet animals like dogs. 

Raw egg, chicken, beef, mutton, fish, quail etc. are often the preferred ingredients in case of dog diets that are prepared on the basis of the non-vegetarian items. Taurine is one of the essential ingredients for the dog’s nutrition.  Like wise, in the case of dogs feed with frozen fish items, the vitamin called thiamine needs to be supplemented as an ingredient. 

Many premium type of dog food preparations contain essential fatty acids, carbohydrates with adequate fiber contents, vitamins like A, D, E and B complex vitamins.

Furthermore, minerals like zinc, is an essential ingredient for skin health status and calcium, which is an essential ingredient for bone growth, tonicity of muscles.  They should be enriched in these food items. However, the cost of those food preparations are comparatively more expensive than the food preparations with general ingredients.  Though it may be better for your dog's health.

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