At first glance, Shelties and Collies look almost the same. As puppies, they might even look identical but as they reach adulthood, the size difference becomes more obvious.
A Shetland Sheepdog (left) and a Rough Collie.
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)
The reason for their striking similarity is because earlier Shelties were crossbred with Collies. This was in order to refine the diminutive herding dog from the Islands of Shetland. Despite this fact, the quantity of the Collie breed in Shetland sheepdogs is small. The two breeds were raised separately which fostered independent developments. The Collie progressed in Scotland while the Sheltie evolved in the Shetland Islands. Marked differences can be found in each of the breed's history, size, physical characteristics, and temperament.
Compared to the Sheltie, the Collie has been present in history books since the 17th century. 1655 wooden carvings show pictures of dogs that look identical to today's Collies. These herding dogs originated from Scotland. Initially, they were named "Colleydogs" because of the duties they performed for their owners. Many farmers raised these puppies to later herd the sheep in the country's highlands. A Colley is a black mask found on the sheep.
In the Shetland Islands, an antique copper etching dating back to 1840 contained pictures of a small dog. This was the first evidence of the Shetland sheepdog's heritage. Shelties also herded sheep but unlike its counterpart, the Collie, Shelties were used to keep sheep away from "toons" or small villages. Collies herded sheep in the mountains, while Shelties herded sheep away from the crops. Sheep were notorious for eating what farmers have planted. For this reason, Shelties were originally known as "Toonie Dogs".
Again, there is a resemblance in the coats but one can still tell them apart. The Collie's original colors were black and white, which no longer exists. Today's breed can come in blue merle, sable, and tricolor. Collies used to be bred with the Gordon Setter which is responsible for the tricolor puppies. Coats of this breed can be long or short. The short-coated variety makes it look naked compared to its long-coated cousins.
The Sheltie's original shades were tan and white. This also no longer exists. Today's Shelties come in black and white, sable, tricolor and blue merle. Tales of how a yacht that was visiting the islands left a King Charles Spaniel. This became the source of tricolor puppies. The gene could be traced back to that Spaniel. The Shetland Sheepdog should not have a short coat. It must have a harsh upper coat, in addition to the thick undercoat. Collies and Shelties both have rich coats. In the areas surrounding the head, chest, and tail, the fur is especially thicker.
Probably the most obvious difference between the two breeds is the size. A Sheltie's height ranges between 35 and 39cm, depending on the sex. These dogs weigh 7-12 kg. Collies are much bigger. Their height range is 51-61cm at the shoulders. Ideally, a Collie's weight should be within 18-30kg.
Both dogs are known for their alertness, willingness to please their owners and for being active. Shelties, however, are a bit livelier compared to Collies.
By Lea Mullins Lea Mullins, a long time dog owner, provides information on how are Shelties different from Collies. Visit TrainPetDog.com to learn about taking care of puppies. Article Source: EzineArticles
So you have decided you are going to buy a West Highland white terrier, otherwise known as a Westie. Westies are great little light-hearted dogs. They are quick to learn, and as a rule, they are very self-sufficient and have wonderful, unique personalities. Most Westie owners will tell you that their dog possesses a "big personality." They are lovable, but will never be mistaken for a lap dog.
If you are looking for a cuddly lap dog, a Westie may not be the right breed for you. They are notoriously independent, and won't tolerate being held for very long periods. They like to be in close proximity to their owner/families, but they need their space. As a rule, when a Westie chooses a sleeping area they will find a private space. Away from the family, this sleeping area will most likely be somewhat protected on three sides; they also like to "cover their backs" when they sleep. Naturally, there are exceptions to the rule. If the dog is taught to be a bit of a lap dog, they will most likely be a lap dog. But the Westie is not a natural lap dog. They like to call the shots, so to speak.
The Westie likes to be taken along with the family whenever possible. They are friendly, and love people in general, especially children. They are very loyal to their families and prefer being with their owners/families whenever possible.
When purchasing a dog most people prefer to buy a young puppy, and train the dog themselves. This can be rewarding. If buying a puppy, make sure you are home regularly enough to train the puppy properly. Westies are easy to train, but someone has to be in the home to do the training. Remember, it can be a frustrating and time-consuming task to train a puppy. The other option is to purchase a dog that is a bit older and has already been trained by the breeder. This is a good option, and many breeders can accommodate with a dog that is a little older and trained.
Male or female? In regard to temperament, there is little or no difference between the two in the Westie breed. It is said that Westie males are more affectionate than female Westies. The female is smaller and lighter, so easier to control on a walk or carry when necessary.
This pure white, sturdy small-framed dog is always full of energy and always on the alert and looking for fun. They love to get out and walk and run in a wooded area, looking for a game.
Westies’ ears stand up naturally at each side of their fluffy, happy face. At the opposite end, a perky short tail, which - by nature’s design - comes to a gradual point. As adults, it is desirable for the male Westie to be 11 inches in height; the female 10 inches in height. A Westies coat should be pure white. They have a double coat; the under coat is soft and fluffy, the top coat a bit coarse and wiry. This dual coat is natural to the Westie. The breed was developed and bread for a hard and dangerous job - that of hunting out and killing vermin. So the dual coat provides the Westie a good natural form of protection, not only from the elements but the claws and teeth of its prey. The dry texture of the Westies coat also works to cut down on doggy odor. Due to this dryer coat, they require fewer baths. They can be kept clean with frequent brushing and dry cleaning (this is done by adding a bit of corn starch to the dogs' coat, brushing it out after a few minutes.)
Choosing a reputable breeder is very important. It is impossible to know when picking out your particular puppy just how that dog will turn out emotionally and physically. This is the best reason to find a good reputable breeder. A good breeder strives to breed healthy dogs that will exhibit traits that are natural to the dog they chose to breed. There are three choices when it comes to breeders; pet shop breeders, back yard breeders, and serious hobby breeders.
The pet shop breeder is the worst possible choice you can make when buying a dog. The puppies are poorly bred and are thought of as merchandise to be sold for at a high profit. This form of breeding, as a rule, puts out sickly, unstable dogs, and I highly recommend you stay clear of pet shop breeders.
The backyard breeder can also be a poor choice. This type of breeder may be a Westie owner that thought it would be “fun” to have puppies. They know little about puppies and the training of puppies. As a rule, they are not well acquainted with the stud dogs and can offer little information on his background. They are unaware of the history of the breed, and any special needs of a given breed. To sum it up, they are ill-equipped to breed dogs and lack the knowledge one needs to be a good breeder.
Your best choice when buying a dog is to find a serious hobby breeder. They have done their homework on the breed they are selling. As a rule, they are dog fanciers and do not look at breeding as a profit-only venture. They are breeding for show dogs. They strive to breed the best of their chosen breed. They will take responsibility for any and all pups produced, and stand behind their dogs. You can be assured the dogs are healthy and have been given all the veterinary care they need as puppies along with proper training. A good breeder of Westies will belong to the “West Highland White Terrier Club of America”, and/or other well known Westie Clubs. They will most likely be involved in showing their dogs. A good breeder will ask you questions and be very discriminating on the homes their puppies go to. They will guarantee their puppies, with an agreement to take the puppy back if for some reason you find you are not compatible with your new puppy. They will give you time to have the puppy looked at by a veterinarian of your choice, just to ensure there are no health problems looming, and that the puppy is in a good healthy condition.
A good breeder will have numerous references. They will be able to provide you with such references, in the way of other persons that have purchased dogs from them, along with their own veterinarians' references. The breeder should be able to answer questions on the breed and show a good knowledge of the breed's history. The breeder should also provide written instructions in regard to the puppies needs. Diet, exercise, and health care need as a puppy and adult dog. The kennels should be clean, providing the dogs with a healthy environment. The dogs should be comfortable with the breeder and show a good rapport with them. The dogs in the kennels should be of good temperament, and healthy in appearance. The good breeder will never sell a puppy that is too young to leave its mother.
And finally, the breeder should provide you with a record of the dates and types of vaccinations and be worming that has been done on your puppy, along with any and all records on visits to the vet the puppy may have required while in the breeder’s care. It is also desirable to ask questions on the health of the parent dogs. The breeder must provide you with A 3- to 5-generation pedigree, and a "blue slip" to apply for registration of the Westie into the AKA.
Once you have found a trustworthy breeder here are a few tips on choosing the right puppy: Age is important; a puppy is usually ready to be taken to its new home at the age of eight to twelve weeks. You may find that all Westie pups look alike; they pretty much do all look alike. Look for a puppy with a sturdy build. The dog should feel firm, with good muscle tone. Their legs should be straight. The pup should be active when picked up, squirmy after a short time relaxing and willing to be petted and cuddled a bit. Their coats should be thick and clean. There should be no discharge from eyes, nose or ears, and no odor at the ears. The eyes should be bright, with an alert look. The gums should be moist and pink. The dog should be active with the other pups. It's a good idea to ask the breeder about the puppies personality. They can help you pick a dog that will be suited to your needs and your personality.
It is always smart to observe the dam for her traits. Does she appear overly shy, aggressive, stand-offish? Is she patient and watchful of the puppies, and not overly aggressive of the litter? Do the parent dogs look in good health? Are their coats healthy and do they appear active with good stamina? It is well-known puppies can and do inherit traits from the parent dogs.
If you do your homework, you are more likely to pick just the right dog. The Westie is a wonderful breed. They are bright, happy spirited dogs, and will bring with them their own special outgoing personality. They will fast become your best friend.
Housebreaking your Pit Bull puppy requires a lot of time, effort, and patience on the part of the owner. There is no set time-frame on when your puppy will be able to do this, or how long it will take, you just have to start a routine and stick with it until it is finished. Many owners lose patience with their dogs due to problems that often arise during the house breaking process. It is important to just work through them as they come and to remember not to punish your puppy, but work through this process together.
Many things can be done along the way that will help make housebreaking faster and easier for you and your puppy. As with any type of training, you have to be consistent with the routine. Take your dog out at the same time every day, or if you aren’t able to, make sure that someone else can. The puppy will soon learn when it is time to go, and eventually will know what is expected of him. You should have everyone else in the household alerted to the routine, and willing to help when needed. Sometimes it is helpful to keep a journal of your dog’s habits so that if they turn into a problem later, it will be easier to correct them.
You should also try to go outside with your puppy so that you can be sure he is going to the bathroom while he is outside, which will help avoid accidents while inside. If you are unable to go out with your puppy, he should be confined to one area such as a crate or fenced in backyard, so that he can learn this is his space to go.
One thing that can interrupt the housebreaking process is irregular feedings. It is important that you feed your puppy the same amount at the same time every day, and try to avoid giving him extra snacks and treats until he is successfully housebroken.
The most important thing when housebreaking your puppy is to be patient and understanding. He is going to learn overnight, and there will be messes along the way. You have to understand that this takes time and try to maintain reasonable expectations of your puppy. It is important not to punish your puppy when that happens, rather just clean it up and accept it for what it is, part of the process. You will have a much better relationship with your puppy if you are patient with him as he grows.
Today crossing breeds have become a popular option, as people enjoy crossbreeding for the best traits of both breeds. One cross breed that has only been around for about 20 years happens to be the Goldendoodle. This breed was created around the same time that the Labradoodle was also created and they are very similar breeds. If you're considering the purchase of your own Goldendoodle, here is a look at important breed information you'll need to know.
8-month old female F1B Goldendoodle (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Origin of the Goldendoodle
First, it's a good idea to learn a bit about the origin of the Goldendoodle. This dog happens to be a Golden Retriever Poodle mix. Some of the other names that are commonly used for this breed include Goldie Poos, Groodles, and Golden Poos. Since some other poodle hybrids that were smaller were very successful, breeders soon decided to try breeding Goldens with a Poodle, making a larger pet that is allergy free. The hybrid turned out wonderfully and this breed quickly became popular.
Hybrid Vigor
The Goldendoodle displays hybrid vigor since they are a first generation cross in most cases today. Basically, this means that since the dogs are the very first cross between two lines of purebreds that are unrelated, they end up growing better and are healthier than both of the parent lines of dogs. This cross has created Goldendoodles that are intelligent, easy to train, friendly, and affectionate. However, as other generations are created, the vigor can be lost.
Breed Description
The parent lines of the Goldendoodle both happen to be water dogs and hunters. When it comes to the physical appearance of the Golden Retriever Poodle mix, they may look like a poodle that is curl relaxed or they may even look like a retriever that is very shaggy. However, usually, their look is somewhere between the two. Usually the length of their fur ends up being between 4-8 inches in length. Their coat color can vary. A few of the colors may include versions of chocolate, black, gold, cream, apricot, phantom, or parti. As most of the other poodle crosses, the Goldendoodle usually does not shed much, which means that they are great for families that have allergies that are mild.
About Miniature Goldendoodles
It is possible to find miniature Goldendoodles as well. This occurs when a toy or miniature Poodle is one of the parents. A miniature Goldendoodle will usually be between 15-30 pounds. For those who want smaller dogs, the miniature Golden Retriever Poodle mix is a great option.
Weight and Height of the Breed
When it comes to the weight and the height of the Goldendoodle, it depends on the parentage of the dog. Usually, to get the average weight of adult dogs, you can add the weight of each parent together and then divide it in half. Of course, in every litter that is born, some puppies may end up being heavier or lighter than the weight that is projected. Standard Goldendoodles are usually predicted to be over 45 pounds when they reach adulthood. Miniatures usually are below 30 pounds. However, it is important to note that Goldendoodles in the past have ended up weighing over 100 pounds.
Temperament
One of the wonderful things about the Goldendoodle is their temperament. They are wonderful dogs for families and are both obedient and intelligent. These dogs are devoted to family and are extremely friendly. The Golden Retriever Poodle mix is wonderful with children and very good with other pets too. You'll find that they are happiest when they are around humans. Since they are eager to please, they love to learn, and they are very intelligent, they are extremely easy to train.
Health Issues
If you plan on owning your own Goldendoodle, it's a good idea to know about any possible health issues that may occur. The good news is that since the Goldendoodle is a hybrid cross, they usually will live longer and will be much healthier than the lines of the parents. However, these dogs are prone to the genetic diseases that the Standard Poodle and Golden Retriever deal with. While there are no big health concerns to worry about with the Goldendoodle, a few of the minor concerns to keep in mind include patella, PRA, Elbow, CHD, and von Willebrand's disorders. It is suggested that these dogs get vWD, eye, and hip tests were done.
Grooming Your Goldendoodle
The Goldendoodle ends up with fur that is usually a combination of poodle and retriever like hair. Fur may reach 4-8 inches in length if it is not clipped. It is important to ensure their fur is combed on a regular basis. If you plan on clipping the Goldendoodle, this should be done several times within every year for the best results.
Havana Brown's are breeder created cats. These wonderful chocolate colored cats were bred for a specific genetic color and design. Genetically self-brown Siamese cats found in England and Europe came to be known as "Swiss Mountain Cats". The Siamese Cat Club of Britain discouraged breeding anything but the "blue-eyed" variety known as and shown as, Siamese today. Still, by the early 1950s, another group of breeders worked together to produce these self-brown cats. They chose black domestic cats and chocolate or seal point Siamese as breeding partners. The Havana Brown name described the color genetics for these new self-browns. (Many believe the name refers to the rich brown of Havana cigars.)
Quickly (in the 1950s) the breed migrated to America. Some American breeders added Russian Blues and Siamese into their early breeding, but this ended when the breed closed to outcross breeding in 1974. North American breeders maintained both the name and confirmation of the original immigrants. In the late 1990s, these breeders received CFA approval for outcross breeding to black or blue domestic short hairs, or dark colored Oriental Shorthair cats; also seal point or chocolate point Siamese were bred with full Havana Browns. Now purebred cats must come from within the self-brown gene pool with out-breeding no longer allowed.
The Havana Brown's gleaming mahogany-brown coat is an integral part of this unique breed. Their coat feels like luxurious mink fur. The coat lies close to the skin, is smooth, and lustrous; evenly chocolate brown coloring (according to its name) is most common, but red-brown is becoming more prized. They have enticing green, oval-shaped eyes giving them a sweet, alert expression when combined with large, forward pointed ears. Their bodies are firm and muscular allowing powerful, elegant, and graceful movement. These cats are much heavier than they appear due to their musculature, weighing between six to ten pounds according to whether the cat is female or male.
Havana Brown's playful, charming personality and soft voice cause these cats to extend a paw to gain the attention of someone passing by rather than meowing to be noticed. Very people-oriented as a breed they demand to be with their humans and can be persistent in getting companionship when they desire. Havanas adapt to children, other pets, and social situations within the home, making them the perfect breed for owners who want an intelligent, affectionate, sociable, yet quiet feline companion--as sweet as chocolate!
Purebred Cat Breed Rescue Organization carries listings you can contact in order to rescue Havana Browns. Many rescue groups are breed clubs with members who will assist in finding new homes for pedigreed cats which must be surrendered for any reasons. First, contact your cat's original breeder; most legitimate breeders care about the cats they sell and will either take them back or help to locate a new, permanent home. Rescue a purebred cat before considering the purchase of one.
People love their poodles! A very popular but often misunderstood breed of dog, the poodle has been with us for centuries. Artifacts from ancient Egypt and Rome have been found bearing the images of poodles engaged in such activities as herding animals, retrieving game animals (small game animals, of course – especially birds), and assisting the dragging of game nets. In fact, the intentional breeding of various sized poodles (the American Kennel Club or AKC recognizes three sizes of poodles – Standard, Miniature, and Toy – which are all considered to be the same breed) likely dates back hundreds of years as opposed to other types of dogs which were bred this way only recently. Suffice to say that there have been oodles of poodles roaming the Earth for a very long time.
The three sizes of poodle have distinct definitions according to the AKC. For purposes of competition in dog shows, the different sizes are determined by the poodle’s height at the shoulder. Standard poodles are defined by being taller than fifteen inches at the shoulder. Miniature poodles must stand no more than fifteen inches but more than ten inches at the shoulder, and Toy poodles must be ten inches or less. Recently breeders have been offering Teacup poodles as well. While the AKC does not recognize the Teacup distinction, most breeders consider a poodle that stands eight inches or less at the shoulder when full grown to be a Teacup poodle. Teacup poodles are proving to be very popular and fetch some of the higher prices for poodle pups.
Poodle Popularity
The popularity of poodles is particularly due to a plethora of pleasant attributes in poodle personalities. Poodles are proud dogs and usually very active. It is said that the poodle carries an air of regal dignity unseen in other breeds of dog. Some poodles, however, can be exceptionally shy while others may be very cross creatures. These are the exception rather than the rule. Generally speaking, pet poodles please people.
Primping the Poodle
Poodle grooming is nearly an art form and there are four generally accepted styles used for show poodles. These are called “show quality clips” and generally include shaping the poodle’s coat to exact specifications in some areas while completely shaving other areas. These four show quality poodle cuts are the Puppy Show Clip, English Saddle Clip, Continental Clip, and Sporting Clip. In addition to these there are five common “pet quality” poodle clips that are employed with non-show dogs. They are known as the Kennel Clip, Dutch Clip (there are two styles of Dutch clip), Bikini Clip, and Puppy Pet Clip.
For those thinking about becoming poodle owners, the AKC has plenty of information on what to look for in a purebred poodle. The can help potential poodle procurers avoid unnecessary poodle pitfalls and start on the road to a long and happy relationship of poodle puppy love.
Pointing Dogs are some of the best for hunting birds. However, many people will want to know what type of pointer will make the best dog for their hunting. We think it is best to start this analysis by considering your terrain. In the US, much of the terrain lends itself to medium range dogs. The best dogs that will fit into this criteria will be those that are not the fastest dogs around but are still full of eagerness to hunt and stamina.
Their ability to work a little closer to the hunter works well here, especially when hunting pheasant. Of all the pointing dogs available, one of the best choices for this type of work is the English Setter. It offers a strong dog that is fast enough to get the job done. In addition, it has a good coat that will allow it to work well in the northern climates.
However, another alternative to the English Setter is the Brittany Spaniel. This dog can work very well despite its slightly smaller size and may be a better fit with a slower hunter.
If you are hunting in heavy cover areas like that are common in the Northeast, you will be wanting a dog with a closer range. This will make the dog less likely to get lost in this terrain. Of course, you can offset this by opting for radio tracking or GPS collar, but there is still an added risk in a tough thicket of the collar getting knocked off. For this type of hunting, all of the pointers and spaniels can work fairly well. Some suggest that a thicker coat might be needed for colder environments, but the benefit gained from this might be offset by the increased problem of picking up burrs, and other junk while hunting.
By keeping the consideration of the terrain in mind, you should be in good shape with choosing a solid dog breed. Pointing dogs have become a popular hunting dog in America and are very effective bird dogs regardless of the type chosen.
The Miniature Schnauzer, also called just the Schnauzer, is part of the terrier dog breed category. They have a distinct beard, bushy eyebrows, and wiry coat. It was during the late 1800s the breed is believed to have first come into existence and catching rats in homes and barns is what they were originally used for. They're a popular choice as a companion dog for singles and families nowadays.
Features such as their bold and affectionate character are what they are known for. They're assumed to originate from Germany and their earlier ancestors are the Standard Schnauzer, Affenpinscher, and Poodle.
They are recognized as a small-sized breed of dog. The appropriate male dimensions are 12-14 inches tall with a weight of 13-20 pounds. Their temperament is identified as being alert, playful and sometimes stubborn. They can be unsuitable as a protection dog, as they are generally friendlier than their larger counterpart towards people they're not familiar with. The breed ranks 12th in comparison to every other breed when being taught new instructions, and are known to be extremely smart.
They're good with children, and that means they are suitable as a family pet. Other pets such as other dogs if they're socialized early do mix well with them. Taking care of their coat is a reasonably easy chore. They need a regular brushing of their coat every week, and a proper groom every 6 to 8 weeks. They can easily be suitable for life in an apartment, but like having a small backyard (though doesn't always need one) so they have plenty of room.
They are predominantly long-lived, as with many small sized dog breeds, and have an expected life of 12-14 years. Their most common health risk is eye problems like cataracts or PRA, and they're also susceptible to liver diseases, diabetes, allergies, skin disorders and urinary infections. They take pleasure in hobbies like playing fetch or running around. They have a fairly high amount of energy, which means they need short walks every day to avoid destructive behavior.
You ought to be ready to spend a lot of time with them if you choose the Miniature Schnauzer. They are not suitable for a guard dog, but ideal for almost anyone with time to look after a dog. This particular dog is quite attractive to many dog owners, and one of the most important reasons is seen in that it has a lovable appearance and affectionate temperament that makes it the most popular terrier in the world.
Pugs are cute and comical, a great pet for any family but if you are thinking about adopting one, there is some Pug information that you need to be aware of.
The gene pool of the 10,000 pugs in the UK is the equivalent of only 50 individuals.
(Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Before adopting any pet, you need to make sure that you can provide for the comfort and safety of the pet. Pugs are not outdoor dogs, so you must be prepared to keep the pug indoors which means setting up a proper sleeping area for your new furry friend.
Also, if you are not home during the day, you will need to think about where you will keep the Pug when you are at work. Will you use a crate or let him roam free? Decide this beforehand so you can be ready with the appropriate supplies.
Pugs are sociable animals which make them good family pets, but this also means that you will need to dedicate time to spend with your pug. You can't leave your pug alone for extended lengths of time or you may find that he gets up to quite a bit of mischief.
Pug dog information pertaining to exercise is encouraging since they don't really require much. In fact, a lot of Pugs are actually quite lazy and you will probably have to do a bit of work to encourage him to go out for a walk. Be that as it may, walks are a vital part of any dogs day so you should plan for at least 20 minutes of walk time each day.
When it comes to grooming, your Pug does have some special needs. One of the most interesting features of the Pug is his wrinkly facial skin, but these same wrinkles can actually be a health hazard for your pug because they can harbor dirt and germs. Therefore, you need to take the time to clean in between these folds periodically. Although Pugs have a short coat, they do shed so frequent brushing is recommended. Just like any other dog, you will need to trim your Pugs nails, keep his ears clean and brush his teeth.
When it comes to feeding a Pug, one need to practice restraint. This is because the Pug can tend to overeat and will easily gain weight. Excess weight on any dog and on Pugs, in particular, can cause a variety of health issues so in order to keep your Pug healthy, make sure you only feed him good quality food and don't over do it!
Of course, no Pug dog information discussion would be complete without stating that your Pug should have regular Veterinarian visits and that you should bring your dog in should you notice any change in behavior.
Pugs are wonderful companions and can live 15 years or more provided they get the proper care and nutrition.
Fleas belong to the insect order Siphonaptera. They are common pests and may attack many mammals, including man. They can be a year round problem because they infest not only pets but also the home of the owner. Because of this, treatment of the pet alone may only temporarily solve a flea infestation.
Although many species of fleas feed primarily on one type of animal, the common cat, and dog flea will readily take blood from a variety of animals, including man. Flea infestations of pets and their homes will most likely involve the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis and occasionally the dog flea, C. canis.
Fleas are small (2 to 4 mm in length), brownish to black insects which are characteristically flattened from side to side. Adults are wingless and capable of jumping relatively long distances. Adults feed exclusively on blood with their piercing-sucking mouthparts. When not actively feeding, adult fleas often hide in locations frequented by the host animal such as your dog bedding, sofas, or carpeted areas.
The common cat and dog fleas breed throughout the year. After feeding and mating, the female deposits her eggs, usually on the host. Several eggs are laid daily and up to several hundred over a lifetime. Eggs normally fall off the host into bedding material or similar areas and hatch within two weeks.
Flea eggs accumulate in areas where the host spends most of its time. In addition, adult fleas defecate small pellets of digested blood which also drop off into the environment. A flea comb will often gather this fecal matter at the base of the tines providing a good sign of flea infestation. The combination of white flea eggs and black dried blood specks may appear as a sprinkling of salt and pepper were an infested animal has slept.
Fleas undergo complete metamorphosis, that is, they pass through four developmental stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Immature fleas do not resemble adults at all.
Flea larvae are tiny, light colored, and, worm-like, without legs. They feed primarily on various debris and organic material including the droppings of the adults which contains digested blood. Flea larvae occur indoors and outdoors, wherever the eggs have fallen off the host. In houses, flea larvae live in carpeting, furniture, animal bedding and other protected areas with high humidity. Flea larvae also live outdoors in areas where animals spend time such as under porches in and around dog houses, etc.
Because flea larvae depend on the adult’s fecal pellets of dried blood as a food source, they cannot live in lawns or other outdoor areas unless the pet visits those areas enough to provide this food.
Depending on the species of flea and environmental conditions the larvae will pupate in one week to several months. The pupa is contained within a loose silken cocoon which is often covered by bits of debris. Under average conditions, the life cycle of the flea normally requires between 30 and 75 days but may take much longer. Adult fleas inside the cocoon, called pre-emerged fleas, will stay in that condition for weeks to months if no external cues from a host is available.
However, when disturbed by the presence of a host such as vibrations or carbon dioxide from exhaled breath, the fleas emerge simultaneously and attack the host. This is why it is possible to return to a house or apartment that has been empty for months and find it full of fleas.
When the normal host is available, fleas may feed several times a day but they are capable of surviving extended periods of starvation. In household situations, the normal host is a cat or dog. However, if the normal host is removed, starved fleas will readily seek other sources of blood and more often than not, man is the alternate host. In severe infestations, fleas will attack humans even though the normal host is present.
Certain species of fleas have been known to transmit such diseases as bubonic plague and murine typhus. These have never been a major problem. The major problems with fleas is a nuisance pest of pets. The irritation and itching from flea bites result in scratching and potential secondary infection. Fleas may also transmit the double-pored dog tapeworm to dogs and cats.
Finally, persistent attacks from fleas can cause severe allergic responses in some people and pets. Once sensitized, a single flea bite may produce symptoms including hair loss, usually around the base of the tail, dermatitis, and intense itching. In worse cases, puppies and young kittens can also die from serious fleas infestations.
With proper flea management knowledge, flea problems will not be a big issue and can be a battle and win over easily.
The majority of us know various facts about the cocker spaniel, but not all of us know the English cocker spaniel; in fact, many individuals are unaware that there are two types of cocker spaniels at all. This distinction between American and English cocker spaniels came about in the middle of the 20th century and was brought about by their great difference in appearance. This article will provide information on the English cocker spaniel discussing its appearance, health considerations, and overall personality.
An English Cocker Spaniel at a dog show (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
The Appearance
Since the mid 20th century, the English spaniel has diversified even further making an obvious distinction between the traditional and English breeds. Whereas the American Spaniel has longer fur with a slight wave, the English canine has a very short coat. Another defining feature is that the English breed has a much deeper chest and stands closer to the ground having rather short legs; whereas, the American spaniel is taller with a wider chest.
The Health Factors
All purebred dogs are at risk of having genetic health problems and the English cocker spaniel can present with highly detrimental conditions. One common condition among this breed is progressive retinal atrophy which can leave the dog blind or with visual impairments. Juvenile-onset renal failure is another condition which can cause muscle weakness and failing kidneys. Finally, English cocker spaniels can suffer from progressive ear infections that could lead to hearing loss, particularly in multicolored canines. To ensure that your pet is not at risk to any of these problems, it is essential that the breeder provide you with a health guarantee on the pups.
The Personality
While he may not have a similar appearance to other spaniels, the English cocker spaniel has the same pleasant disposition. This animal is highly affectionate, cheerful, and very devoted to his owners. This spaniel is an excellent option for a family pet as the breed is very calm and enjoys playing with children. This breed is also an excellent watchdog due to his alert nature and needs to defend his family.
Final Words On The Matter
It has been noted that dog ownership can be very beneficial to all families; children can learn responsibility by caring for and exercising the animal and older individuals will find comfort in the animal's presence. Using the information above you can make an informed decision as to whether or not this breed is suited to your specific needs.
Wayne Booth is the owner of Canine Behavior Specialists, http://www.CanineBehaviorSpecialists.com in Nashville, TN where he helps people train their dogs and solve behavior problems. Wayne has been teaching people how to become Professional Dog Trainers since 1990 and he is the Training Director of the Canine Behavior Specialists Network, http://www.K9-University.com.
Finally got your first new puppy? If you want your first puppy training experience to be fun, here are helpful dog training tricks that will surely get you started.
The Briard, also known as the Berger de Brie, is a large agile breed that has a powerful stature and muscular build. A herding dog, this breed was primarily bred not only to herd sheep but to protect them. They weigh an average of 75-90 pounds and stands 23-27 inches in height.
Coat
A double-coated breed, the Briard has a hard, dry, and coarse top coat that lies flat, falling in long, slightly waved locks; and a fine undercoat that covers tightly all over the body. Their hair is so abundant it masks the shape of the head or totally covers the eyes. Coats uniformly colored are all accepted except white. White can be permitted if it is only scattered throughout the coat, and/or a white spot that should not exceed one inch at the chest. Black or various shades of gray and tawny, and deeper shades of colors are usually preferred.
Activity
As with another working breed, the Briard should be given a long walk or be made to run alongside a bicycle. If not exercised enough, they will become destructive and restless. This breed makes a wonderful jogging companion, and also enjoys a good swim. Ideally suited for defense/police dog trials, this breed has a marvelous supply energy.
Temperament
The Briard is a protective and devoted breed. With a heart of gold, this breed is highly intelligent and loving. Once bonded with their family members, they will be loyal and very protective of them. Aloof with strangers or undiscovered things, this breed has to be introduced may it be furniture, a visitor, or a new baby. Early on, they should be taught if something is safe or harmful. Proved to have an excellent temper, this breed is great to have around children.
Overview
Bred primarily to herd and guard flocks of sheep, the Briard was often used to search for injured soldiers by the French Army. Now, this breed is a recognized companion dog that continues to be a delightful herder and a guardian.
Care
The coat of a Briard sheds water and dirt, with little shedding if well-groomed. They need brushing and combing daily to prevent mats to form. Bathing should be done only when necessary as it can damage the coat, making it difficult to groom. Ears should always be kept clean. The Briard is a generally healthy breed, although they may have a tendency to develop hip dysplasia, PRA, and cataracts.
Training
Extensive socialization should begin as puppies for this breed. The Briard has excellent memory skills and is highly trainable. They need firm and consistent training who is able to take charge. However, if not trained properly, they tend to be exceedingly fearful, hostile, or both.
Character
The Briard is a placid, affectionate breed with a lifetime of loyalty and devotion for their owners. They are highly intelligent and easy to train, making them a delightful household pet and excellent guard dog. As a herding dog, they are sturdy and it is recommended to provide them enough space as they are large dogs. Playful and loving, but cautious of strangers, the Briard is a breed with the impressive build and a big heart.
If there is any sort of valid claim to being the cat of ancient Egypt and the Pharaohs it must go to the Mau. After all, the word "mau" means cat. What better credentials could a fantastic feline have?
Well, what if the particular breed of cat can be clearly seen in ancient Egyptian artwork? Even better, what if Hollywood itself has given its stamp of authenticity to the breed? In the 2004 movie,
"Catwoman", Halle Berry's character, Patience Phillips, is killed but is brought back to life by a Mau named "Midnight", which was actually played by three different cats. It's not surprising that they turned out to be movie stars, however, because they are known for not only their striking appearance but for their personality and charisma as well.
When you go as far back into history as the Egyptian Mau, you are bound to come in contact with some wilder, less refined ancestors. The Mau is directly descended from wild African spotted cats. These ancestors were domesticated, by the ancient Egyptians and may be, as some believe, the starting point for all modern breeds of domesticated felines, from the pretty Persian kitty to those backyard balladeers...the alley cats.
Though many years removed from its ancestral strain, the Mau has retained the spots which are one of its trademarks. In fact, the spots are even more a part of the Mau than just a hair color. Its skin is actually spotted as well! Another note on spots is that this cat breed is the only naturally spotted breed. All other known spotted cats have been bred to produce the spots in their fur.
The Mau is a smallish cat, only weighing in the vicinity of five to about eleven pounds. However, don't let its size fool you. It still has the graceful hunter's moves of its wild ancestors. It is also one of the fastest breeds of domesticated cats, and a natural design in the skin which allows its long hind legs to take longer strides than other cats is the same feature found in another cat relative...the cheetah. This small pet cat has been clocked at 30 MPH! Even with its small size, however, the Mau possesses a working cat's muscles in an overall sleek package that is topped, or bottomed, off by a graceful tail which may be as much as two-thirds of its total length.
A feature that particularly endears this breed to me is that it tends to chuckle or chortle when happy, rather than mewling. It also becomes quite animated when happy and expresses its pleasure with rapid tail movements and kneading with the feet while chuckling to itself.
The Mau is a great family cat. It is friendly but protective and is devoted to its family. A possible drawback here is that they tend to like a lot of one-on-one companionships and plenty of play. In the absence of a stay-at-home human, they are graciously willing to play instead with other cat friends. So, if you cannot be at home as often as your Mau would like, you may have to get him or her a pet!
Living with the Mau is the least of your problems, however. A Mau does not come cheap, with one site I visited quoting a starting price of $400, and it goes up from there, of course. The other issue is the scarcity of the breed. They are a popular breed with a limited supply so you may be on a waiting list for some time.
While any old Mau may come in several shades and variations of colors, the Cat Fanciers' Association recognizes three acceptable colors for show - silver, bronze, and smoke. Cats of other colors, such as black, blue-silver, blue spotted, blue smoke, and solid blue, are still one hundred percent Mau, although they are not recognized for the show.
If you want a cheerful, playful family cat that can give you a taste of history, and a touch of the wild, you might just be looking for an Egyptian Mau.
Donovan Baldwin is a Central Texas writer and a University of West Florida alumnus. He is a member of Mensa and is retired from the U. S. Army after 21 years of service. In his career, he has held many managerial and supervisory positions. However, his main pleasures have long been writing, animals, nature, health, yoga [http://yoga-4-the-health-of-it.com], and fitness. In the last few years, he has been able to combine these pleasures by writing poetry and articles on subjects such as health, fitness, the environment, happiness, self-improvement, and weight loss.
It is hard to find a dog breed that has a more conflicting temperament description than the Rottweiler. Known as a gentle giant and loving family companion on one hand and as an attack dog on the other, it is hard to decipher the true nature of the Rottweiler. The truth is, much of what a Rottweiler will become is due to ancestry and how they are raised.
This large breed weighs between 85-125 lbs and reaches a height 22" to 27". Their name is pronounced ROTT-why-ler. They are a powerful dog with protective instincts that will come out if they feel that their family, home or territory is being threatened, making them an excellent guard and watchdog.
Their AKC acceptable coat coloring is black with mahogany with rust markings. They markings typically include dots above their eyes and markings on their legs, paws, and muzzle. Their short, straight, hard, dense and coarse coat is easy to groom. They require an occasional brushing and only need a bath when necessary.
Extremely loyal and protective of its family and property, the Rottweiler is considered one of the best watchdogs. Early socialization is not just recommended, but is necessary for children, other dogs and pets. If any of these are introduced when a Rottweiler is older, they can become aggressive and territorial. They need to be trained from when they are a puppy to help curb dominance issues. This is important for them to recognize you as the master instead of the other way around. They need regular exercise and play and need plenty of outside time. They should not be locked inside all day.
When outside they need to be in a well-secured yard and they should always be walked on a leash. This is imperative due to their territorial instincts. They are extremely wary of strangers. Rottweilers need firm, consistent training but should never be treated in a harsh or abusive nature. Extreme rough housing feeds into their aggressive tendencies where as a home that is calm, loving and gentle with their Rottweiler will feed into their gentle side.
The Rottweiler originated in Germany. They get their name from Rottweil in Wurttemberg which is where they were originally bred. They are descendants of the Italian Mastiffs. The Rottweiler was mainly used as a watchdog, guard dog, and police dog. They faced extinction towards the end of the 19th century but were brought back due to the efforts of extensive breeding programs.
Large, powerful and protective, the Rottweiler was born to be a guard dog. Research needs to be done on their ancestry before bringing them into your home to ensure that there is not a history of aggression. This research is especially important if you are bringing them into a home with other pets or small children to make sure that your home is right for this particular breed.
